ABSTRACT The use of natural lignocellulosic fiber (NLF) biocomposites for the construction industry has been growing over the years, due to technical and environmental advantages. However, fiber-matrix incompatibility remains a major challenge. Various surface treatments have been investigated to improve fiber-matrix bonding, including sodium lignosulfonate (SLS), a potentially effective and environmentally friendly chemical. In this study, SLS treatment protocols were applied to piassava fibers to evaluate their influence on the fibers. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), moisture absorption measurements and tensile tests were performed to characterize the modifications. Results demonstrated, for the first time, the efficiency of SLS to remove extractives from the piassava surface. In general, partial degradation of the cellulosic structure was observed, noticeable by the slight drop in crystallinity index (from 42.80 to 39.82%), and an increase in the TG residual mass (from 21.35 to 31.90%), along with changes in DTG curves. However, a particular SLS treatment using ultrasonic bath was able to fully clean the surface preserving the cellulosic structure, and increasing the strength of fibers (from 386 ± 140 MPa to 524 ± 126 MPa).

Abstract Objective To define cut-off points for the values of the Maximum Handgrip Strength (MGS) test in long-lived elderly people. Method Cross-sectional study with a sample of long-lived elderly people, octogenarians and nonagenarians, healthy and functionally independent (robust group) and frail (fragile group). The MHS test was performed in triplicate, with the highest value obtained being considered. Sensitivity, specificity and cut-off values were calculated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). The Brazilian cut-off points and those of the European Consensus on Sarcopenia were used for the comparison study. Results 121 elderly people were evaluated, with a mean age of 84.5±5.3 years, 65 (53.7%) female, 46 (38%) from the frail group and 75 (62%) from the robust group. Cut-off points for MHS of 27 kgf for men and 19 kgf for women were found. Sensitivity and specificity values for men’s cutoffs were 94.44 and 65.79, respectively. For woman, they were 85.71 and 67.57. Based on these cutoff points, 23 (38.3%) individuals from the robust group were classified as having competitive strength, and therefore with probable sarcopenia, while according to the Brazilian and European cutoff points, the number is 35 (44.3%) and 14 (33.3%). Conclusion The study defined cut-off points for the oldest-old population and showed that the cut-off points defined so far for the Brazilian elderly population were not adequate for the oldest-old.

Resumo Objetivo Definir pontos de corte para os valores do teste de força máxima de preensão palmar (FMPP) em pessoas idosas longevas. Método Estudo transversal com amostra de pessoas idosas longevas, octogenárias e nonagenárias, saudáveis e independentes funcionais (grupo robusto) e frágeis (grupo frágil). O teste de FMPP foi realizado em triplicata, sendo considerado o maior valor obtido. Os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e os pontos de corte foram calculados por meio da Curva Característica de Operação do Receptor (ROC). Foram utilizados os pontos de corte brasileiros e os do Consenso Europeu de Sarcopenia para estudo da comparação. Resultados Foram avaliadas 121 pessoas idosas, com idade média de 84,5±5,3 anos, 65 (53,7%) do sexo feminino, sendo 46 (38%) do grupo frágil e 75 (62%) do grupo robusto. Foram encontrados os pontos de corte para FMPP de 27 kgf para homens e 19 kgf para mulheres. Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade para os pontos de corte masculinos foram 94,44 e 65,79, respectivamente. Para o sexo feminino foram de 85,71 e 67,57. A partir desses pontos de corte, 23 (38,3%) pessoas idosas do grupo robusto foram classificadas com força inadequada, e, portanto, com provável sarcopenia, ao passo que, de acordo com os pontos de corte brasileiros e europeus, o número é de 35 (44,3%) e 14 (33,3%), respectivamente. Conclusão O estudo definiu pontos de corte para a população longeva e mostrou que os pontos de corte definidos até o momento para a população idosa brasileira não se mostraram adequados para longevos.

RESUMO Neste artigo apontamos como a crise do pacto democrático de 1988 se originou a partir de novas dinâmicas fomentadas pela própria esfera pública pós-burguesa brasileira, a qual se desenvolveu em meio ao processo de redemocratização nacional. Na primeira seção apontamos de forma resumida como se deu a construção da esfera pública no Brasil desde 1822 até a redemocratização em 1988. Na segunda, apontamos como se deu a gênese e o desenvolvimento da esfera pública pós-burguesa no país, e, nas terceira e quarta seções, apontamos como sua crise se originou a partir de embates no âmbito do debate público que passavam ao largo da institucionalidade e mobilizavam a contrapublicidade: performances disruptivas e recebidas como indecorosas. Nesse sentido, argumentamos que o bolsonarismo, ao fomentar o que denominamos como contrapublicidade dominante, coloca a Nova República, novamente, sob a Espada de Dâmocles.

ABSTRACT In this article, we point out how the crisis of the 1988 democratic pact originated from the new dynamics fostered by the Brazilian post-bourgeois public sphere itself, which developed in the midst of the national redemocratization process. In the first section, we briefly indicate how the public sphere in Brazil was built from 1822 until redemocratization in 1988. In the second section, we show the genesis and development of Brazil’s post-bourgeois public sphere. And, in the third and fourth sections, we describe how its crisis originated from clashes in the public debate that bypassed the institutions and mobilized counterpublicity: disruptive performances perceived as indecorous. In this sense, we argue that Jair Bolsonaro and his supporters, by fostering what we call dominant counterpublicity, puts the New Republic, again, under the Sword of Damocles.

Abstract Choked banana presents closeness of petioles looks that allows the exit of the distal part of the inflorescence, but not the basal part is stuck up at the throat. The aim of this study was to avaluate the effect of choking on the growth of Musa spp. cv Nanica, as well as to investigate how the climatic variations and status nutritional of plants are associated whith this physiological disorder. The experiment was conducted in September/2018 in August/2019 in Registro, São Paulo state, Brazil. The experimental design adopted was completely randomized with two treatments and ten repetitions, in sub-divided plots over time (months). The evaluation consisted in determining the intensity of the symptom, number of leaves, plant height, hand number, stalk length, symptoms of nutritional deficiency and other abnormalities, leaf nutrient contents. Plant growth was not impacted by choking, only the hands number in the months of October/2018 and June/2019 to August/2019 (p< 0.05). Choking occurred throughout the year, with a predominance of severe symptoms of April in June due a redução da temperatura e radiation. The twisted fruits, united by fusion of floral parts and with different sizes occurred, respectively, in 21.67, 60.83 and 17.52% of the symptomatic plants, associated with the cool temperature during the differentiation of the female fruit. Choking and abnormalities in the bunch and fruits were associated with Zn deficiency (p< 0.05). The deficiency of Ca at low temperatures, the lower availability of radiation and the high relative humidity were also associated with the choking. The excess of P in the soil, as well, the adverse climatic conditions contributed to the limitation of these nutrients.

Resumen El arrepollamiento del banano ahogado acorta la distancia entre pecíolos de hojas alternas, lo que permite la salida de la parte distal de la inflorescencia; sin embargo, la parte basal se atasca en la garganta. Se evaluó el efecto del arrepollamiento en el crecimiento de Musa spp. cv Nanica (AAA) y la relación de las variaciones climáticas y el estado nutricional con este trastorno fisiológico fueron determinados. El experimento se llevó a cabo de septiembre 2018 a agosto 2019 en Registro, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con dos tratamientos y diez repeticiones, en parcelas subdivididas en el tiempo (meses). La evaluación consistió en determinar la intensidad del síntoma, número de hojas, altura de la planta, número de manos, longitud del tallo, síntomas de deficiencia nutricional y otras anomalías, contenido de nutrientes de las hojas. El crecimiento de las plantas no se vio afectado por el arrepollamiento, solo el número de manos en los meses de octubre 2018 y junio 2019 a agosto 2019 (p< 0.05). El arrepollamiento ocurrió durante todo el año, con predominio de síntomas severos de abril a junio debido a una reducción de la temperatura y radiación. Los frutos torcidos, unidos por fusión de partes florales y con diferentes tamaños ocurrieron, respectivamente, en 21.67, 60.83 y 17.52% de las plantas sintomáticas, asociados con la temperatura fresca durante la diferenciación de la fruta femenina. El arrepollamiento, así como anormalidades en el racimo y las frutas se relacionaron con deficiencia de Zn (p< 0.05). La deficiencia de Ca a bajas temperaturas, la menor disponibilidad de radiación y la alta humedad relativa también se asociaron con el arrepollamiento. El exceso de P en el suelo, así como las condiciones climáticas adversas contribuyeron a la limitación de estos nutrientes.

Resumen El objetivo es caracterizar a la división sexual/cis-hetero-binario-generificada del trabajo, la división racial del trabajo y la división territorial/internacional del trabajo como dimensiones indisociables de la división social del trabajo en el capitalismo. Metodológicamente asume al materialismo histórico-dialéctico y ubica en la racialización/etnización, en la cis-hetero-binário-generificación y en la dependencia, la raíz del racismo, la misoginia, la bi, lesbo, trans y homofobia y la xenofobia. Hace una revisión crítica de datos sobre la realidad de NuestrAmérica y trae el ejemplo de la unidad de luchas en el caso de las mujeres. Concluye sobre la imprescindibilidad de la lucha antirracista, antipatriarcal y anti-imperialista para la construcción del Trabajo Social crítico.

Abstract The objective of this research was to characterize the sexual/ist-hetero-binary-gendered division of labor, the racial division of labor and the international/territorial division of labor as inseparable dimensions of the social division of labor in capitalism. Methodologically the dialectical and historical materialism is assumed and situates the root of racism, misogyny, bi, lesbo, trans, and homophobia and xenophobia in the racialization/etnization, in the cis-hetero-binary-genderization and in the dependency. A critical review of data of NuestrAmérica (Caribbean and Latin American) reality and the example of the unit of struggles in the case of women is presented. The research concludes on the indispensability of antiracist, anti-patriarchal and anti-imperialist struggles to the construction of the Social Work Critical.

This article focuses on the controversial and infamous behavior of Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro in the public sphere. Based on an understanding that there exists something specific in relation to his strategy of rhetorical mobilization and the discursive domination related to broader dynamics in the Brazilian public sphere, we seek to analyze here the use of what we consider to be a ‘dominant counterpublicity’.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether quantitative textural features, extracted from pretreatment MRI, can predict sustained complete response to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: In this IRB-approved study, patients were selected from a maintained six-year database of consecutive patients who underwent both pretreatment MRI imaging with a probable or definitive imaging diagnosis of HCC (LI-RADS 4 or 5) and loco-regional treatment with RFA. An experienced radiologist manually segmented the hepatic nodules in MRI arterial and equilibrium phases to obtain the volume of interest (VOI) for extraction of 107 quantitative textural features, including shape and first- and second-order features. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate associations between textural features and complete response. RESULTS: The study consisted of 34 patients with 51 treated hepatic nodules. Sustained complete response was achieved by 6 patients (4 with single nodule and 2 with multiple nodules). Of the 107 features from the arterial and equilibrium phases, 20 (18%) and 25 (23%) achieved AUC >0.7, respectively. The three best performing features were found in the equilibrium phase: Dependence Non-Uniformity Normalized and Dependence Variance (both GLDM class, with AUC of 0.78 and 0.76, respectively) and Maximum Probability (GLCM class, AUC of 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrates that a radiomic analysis of pre-treatment MRI might be useful in identifying patients with HCC who are most likely to have a sustained complete response to RFA. Second-order features (GLDM and GLCM) extracted from equilibrium phase obtained highest discriminatory performance.

ABSTRACT Providing enteral nutritional therapy to critically ill patients is a challenge, especially during the first days after starting intensive care. These challenges appear to be greater in critically ill surgical patients. Objectives: Describe and compare enteral nutrition practices in critically ill surgical and non-surgical patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of surgical and non-surgical patients receiving exclusive enteral nutritional therapy. The values for calorie and protein delivery during the first week after admission to the intensive care unit were recorded. Results: 103 patients were enrolled (54.4% male, mean age: 63.9 years, 26.2% surgical). The median time of initiation of enteral nutritional therapy was the third day in non-surgical and the fourth day in surgical patients. Surgical patients had a lower calorie and protein delivery than non-surgical patients on the second to fourth days after admission. At the end of the first week, 20.2% of the patients had not received any diet, and there was no significant difference in nutrient delivery between the groups. Of the surgical and non-surgical patients, 42.9% and 39.3% were receiving ≥20 kcal/kg/day, and 28.6% and 34.4% were receiving ≥1.2 g/kg of protein per day, respectively. Conclusion: There was a delay in starting patients on enteral nutritional therapy and calorie and protein delivery was low, especially among surgical patients. By the end of the first week, calorie and protein delivery was similar in both groups.

RESUMEN Proporcionar terapia nutricional enteral a pacientes críticos es un desafío, especialmente durante los primeros días después de comenzar los cuidados intensivos. Estos desafíos parecen ser mayores en pacientes quirúrgicos críticos. El propósito del estudio fue describir y comparar las prácticas de nutrición enteral en pacientes críticos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo de pacientes quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos que recibieron terapia nutricional enteral exclusiva. Se registraron los datos de entrega de calorías y proteínas durante la primera semana después de la admisión a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se estudiaron 103 pacientes (54,4% hombres, edad media: 63,9 años, 26,2% quirúrgicos). La mediana de tiempo de inicio de la terapia nutricional enteral fue el tercer día en pacientes no quirúrgicos y el cuarto día en pacientes quirúrgicos. Los pacientes quirúrgicos tuvieron una entrega de calorías y proteínas más baja que los pacientes no quirúrgicos en el segundo a cuarto día después del ingreso. Al final de la primera semana, el 20,2% de los pacientes no habían recibido ningún aporte nutricional, y no hubo diferencias significativas en el suministro de nutrientes entre los grupos. De los pacientes quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos, 42,9% y 39,3% estaban recibiendo ≥20 kcal/kg/día, y 28,6% y 34,4% estaban recibiendo ≥1,2 g/kg de proteína por día, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Hubo un retraso en el inicio de los pacientes en terapia nutricional enteral y la entrega de calorías y proteínas fue baja, especialmente entre los pacientes quirúrgicos. Al final de la primera semana, la entrega de calorías y proteínas fue similar en ambos grupos.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é apontar o papel desempenhado pelo contrapúblico ultraliberal na convocação e direção dos primeiros protestos pelo impeachment de Dilma Rousseff. Para tanto, procurei apontar a pertinência da utilização do conceito de contrapúblico para caracterizar as dinâmicas que perpassavam os integrantes de grupos e espaços de debate relacionados ao ultraliberalismo. A partir de uma triangulação de dados empíricos, foi realizada uma reconstrução histórica, bem como demonstrada a existência de um contrapúblico ultraliberal com base no conteúdo de entrevistas em profundidade com militantes. Conclui-se que a reunião precoce desse grupo, na internet, deu início à formação de um contrapúblico ultraliberal calcado na existência de uma identidade coletiva por parte de seus membros. A permanência e institucionalização de tal contrapúblico foi facilitada pelo suporte organizacional e financeiro de uma rede pré-existente de think tanks liberais no país, possibilitando que seus membros pudessem convocar e liderar os primeiros protestos pró- impeachment de 2014. Isso se deu em virtude de mudanças na estrutura de oportunidades políticas relacionadas às revoltas de Junho de 2013 e à reeleição de Dilma Rousseff em 2014.

ABSTRACT The goal of this article is to point out the role played by the ultraliberal counter-public in calling and directing the first protests for Dilma Rousseff´s impeachment. In order to do so, I tried to stress the relevance of using the concept of counter-public to characterize the dynamics that permeated the experiences of members of organizations and other spaces of debate related to ultraliberalism. After a triangulation of empirical data, a historical reconstruction was performed, and the existence of an ultraliberal counter-audience was proven by the content of in-depth interviews with militants. It can be concluded that the early establishment of this group on the internet started the creation of an ultraliberal counter-public based on the existence of a collective identity shared by its members. The permanence and institutionalization of such counter-public were facilitated by the organizational and financial support of a pre-existing network of liberal think tanks in the country, enabling its members to convene and lead the first pro-impeachment protests of 2014. This was due to changes in the structure of political opportunities related to the Brazilian June 2013 uprisings and Dilma Rousseff’s reelection in 2014.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es señalar el papel desempeñado por el contrapúblico ultraliberal en la convocatoria y dirección de las primeras protestas por el juicio político de Dilma Rousseff. Para ello, señalo la pertinencia de la utilización del concepto de contrapúblico para caracterizar las dinámicas que atravesaban los integrantes de los grupos y espacios de debate relacionados al ultraliberalismo. A partir de una triangulación de datos empíricos, fue realizada una reconstrucción histórica, así como fue demostrada la existencia de un contrapúblico ultraliberal con base en el contenido de entrevistas en profundidad con militantes. Se concluye que la reunión precoz de este grupo, en internet, dio inicio a la formación de un contrapúblico ultraliberal basado en la existencia de una identidad colectiva por parte de sus miembros. La permanencia e institucionalización de tal contrapúblico fue facilitada por el soporte organizacional y financiero de una red prexistente de think tanks liberales en el país, posibilitando que sus miembros pudieran convocar y liderar las primeras protestas a favor del juicio político de 2014. Eso se dio en virtud de los cambios en la estructura de oportunidades políticas relacionadas con las revueltas de junio de 2013 y la reelección de Dilma Rousseff en 2014.

RÉSUMÉ Le but de cet article est de souligner le rôle joué par le contre-public ultra-libéral dans la convocation et la direction des premières manifestations en faveur de la destitution de Dilma Rousseff. À cette fin, on a essayé de souligner la pertinence d’utiliser le concept de contre-public pour caractériser la dynamique qui imprègne les membres de groupes et les espaces de débat liés à l’ultra-libéralisme. À partir d’une triangulation de données empiriques, une reconstitution historique a été réalisée. Après le contenu d’entretiens avec des militants “pró-impeachment” on a tracé l’existence d’un contre-public ultra-libéral. On conclue que la première réunion de ce groupe, sur l’Internet, a marqué le début de la formation d’un contre-public ultra-libéral fondé sur l’existence d’une identité collective de la part de ses membres. La permanence et l’institutionnalisation d’un tel public ont été facilitées par le soutien organisationnel et financier d’un réseau préexistant de groupes de réflexion libéraux au Brésil, permettant à ses membres de se réunir et de diriger les premières manifestations de 2014 en faveur de la destitution de Dilma Roussef. Cela a été possible grâce à des changements dans la structure des opportunités politiques liées aux soulèvements de juin 2013 et à la réélection de Dilma Rousseff, en 2014.

Resumo O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as percepções políticas e as escolhas eleitorais de eleitores da periferia de São Paulo que ascenderam socialmente durante os governos Lula, tendo em vista o declínio do petismo e o surgimento do lulismo. Eles teriam relacionado sua ascensão social com as políticas governamentais dos governos Lula? Seriam lulistas? Caso fossem, o que isso significaria e qual impacto teria em suas percepções acerca do Partido dos Trabalhadores? De acordo com os dados levantados a partir de uma série de entrevistas em profundidade realizadas junto a moradores do bairro da Brasilândia entre 2011 e 2013, as motivações da preferência pelo PT e/ou por Lula não foram de ordem material, mas sim de ordem simbólica, tendo em vista os benefícios recebidos pela população mais pobre que habita o Nordeste brasileiro. Contudo, a despeito de tal identificação, a adesão ao PT e ao lulismo na periferia possui fragilidades importantes.

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyze the political perceptions and the electoral choices of the residents of a poor neighborhood of São Paulo called Brasilândia based on a series of in-depth interviews conducted between 2011 and 2013. Would these individuals relate their social ascent to the public policies implemented during the Lula Era? Would they be lulistas ? If so, what would this mean, and what impact would it have on their perceptions of the Workers' Party (PT)? According to the data collected, the motivations for having preferences for the PT and/or Lula were not of a material nature, but rather of a symbolic one, since interviewees demonstrated a strong identification with the poor population that lives in the Brazilian Northeast. However, in spite of such identification, adherence to the PT and to lulismo in São Paulo’s poor neighborhoods has important fragilities.

Resumen El objetivo del presente artículo es, a partir de una serie de entrevistas a profundidad realizadas en el barrio de Brasilândia entre 2011 y 2013, analizar las percepciones políticas y las elecciones electorales de los habitantes de la periferia de São Paulo que ascendieron socialmente durante los gobiernos de Lula. ¿Habrían relacionado su ascenso social con las políticas gubernamentales de los gobiernos de Lula? ¿Sería lulista? Si fueran, ¿qué significaría y qué impacto tendría en sus percepciones acerca del Partido de los Trabajadores? De acuerdo con los datos levantados, las motivaciones por la preferencia por el PT y / o por Lula dadas por los entrevistados no fueron de orden material, sino de orden simbólico, teniendo en cuenta los beneficios recibidos por la población más pobre que habita el Nordeste brasileño. Sin embargo, a pesar de dicha identificación, la adhesión al PT y al lulismo en la periferia tiene fragilidades importantes.

Résumé Le but de cet article est d'analyser les perceptions politiques et les choix électoraux des résidents d'un quartier pauvre de São Paulo appelé Brasilândia basé sur une série d’entrevues réalisés entre 2011 et 2013. Ont-ils lié leur ascension sociale aux politiques publiques mises en œuvre pendant l'ère Lula? Seraient-ils des lulistas ? Dans l'affirmative, qu'est-ce que cela voudrait dire et quel impact aurait-il sur leurs perceptions concernant le Parti des Travailleurs? Selon les données recueillies, les motivations pour avoir des préférences pour le PT et/ou Lula données par les personnes interrogées n'étaient pas de nature matérielle, mais plutôt d'ordre symbolique, puisqu'elles ont démontré une forte identification avec la population pauvre qui vit dans le nord-est Brésilien. Cependant, malgré cette identification, l'adhésion au PT et au lulismo dans les quartiers pauvres de São Paulo présente d'importantes fragilités.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Diferentes tipos de exercícios estão sendo usados para o tratamento da fibromialgia, tais como, o exercício aeróbico, treinamento resistido, exercício de flexibilidade e terapia de consciência corporal, mas existe forte evidência que o padrão-ouro para o tratamento não farmacológico dessa doença é o exercício aeróbico. O objetivo deste estudo foi coletar relatos de experiência de pacientes com fibromialgia que praticaram três meses de dança (Zumba), e tiveram que suspender a dança por três meses devido ao recesso da atividade acadêmica no final de 2016 e início de 2017. RELATO DOS CASOS: Este é um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, sobre um relato de experiência de 16 mulheres com fibromialgia, que realizaram três meses de zumba no segundo semestre de 2016. Os relatos foram coletados no retorno das atividades em março de 2017, desse modo, as pacientes ficaram três meses sem a intervenção durante o recesso acadêmico. Os relatos das pacientes foram escritos por elas em uma folha, respondendo três perguntas. De acordo com os relatos foi percebido que a zumba trouxe vários benefícios para essas pacientes, como alívio da dor, melhora na qualidade do sono, autoestima e desempenho físico. CONCLUSÃO: Baseado nos relatos das pacientes, podemos concluir que a zumba como intervenção realizada por três meses, produziu efeitos positivos na melhora da dor, da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida de mulheres com fibromialgia.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Different types of exercises are being used for the treatment of fibromyalgia, such as aerobic, resistance, flexibility exercises and body awareness therapy, but there is strong evidence that the gold standard for the non-pharmacological treatment of this disease is the aerobic exercise. The objective of this study was to collect reports of patients with fibromyalgia who practiced three months of dance (Zumba) and had to stop dancing for three months due to the recess of the academic activity at the end of 2016 and beginning of 2017. CASE REPORTS: This is a qualitative study about the experience of 16 women with fibromyalgia, who participated in Zumba class for three months in 2016. The reports were collected when they resumed their dance activities in March 2017. Therefore, the patients remained with no intervention for three months, during the academic recess. The patients wrote their reports on a sheet of paper, answering three questions. According to the reports, we noticed that Zumba brought several benefits for these patients, such as pain relief, improved sleep quality, self-esteem and physical performance. CONCLUSION: Based on patients’ reports we can conclude that Zumba, as a three-month intervention, produced positive effects in improving pain, functional capacity, and quality of life of women with fibromyalgia.

Abstract Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a rare and benign vascular tumor whose etiology remains uncertain. It clinically presents itself by angiomatous papules or nodules located on the head and neck. Many controversies in the literature are found in relation to angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and Kimura's disease - its main differential diagnosis - due to their clinical and histopathological similarities. However, currently, most studies agree that they are distinct diseases. The present case illustrates a characteristic description of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and also highlights the main differences with Kimura's disease.

Resumo: A liberação da placenta após o parto envolve a perda da adesão materno-fetal e ocorre somente após a maturação completa do placentoma, que está relacionada com a diminuição da celularidade dos tecidos fetal e materno. A apoptose é requerida tanto para a maturação quanto para a liberação normal da placenta após o parto. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de apoptose em amostras de placenta de vacas em diferentes fases de gestação. Amostras de placentomas de 15 vacas saudáveis com 4 (n=5), 6 (n=5) e 9 (n=5) meses de gestação foram colhidas e processadas rotineiramente para a histologia, imunoistoquímica e histoquímica. As lâminas obtidas foram coradas em HE, Picrosirius Red e submetidas à análise imunoistoquímica das proteínas Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Bax e Bid. O aumento no número de vasos não necessariamente se associou ao aumento do calibre destes durante a evolução da gestação. Os resultados de histomorfometria revelaram aumento da marcação para Bax e Caspases 3 e 8 em células trofoblásticas binucleadas no final da gestação, enquanto o Bid se manteve sem alteração significativa. A histomorfometria das células trofoblásticas mononucleadas revelou expressão alta para Bax no início de gestação, com diminuição aos 6 meses de gestação e aumento das imunomarcações para Caspases 3 e 8, e Bid com o avanço gestacional. Os colágenos tipo I e III não aumentaram do terço médio ao final da gestação, o que é importante para a diminuição da adesão materno-fetal. Esses resultados confirmam que as Caspases 3 e 8, e o Bax estão envolvidos nos mecanismos de ativação da apoptose pela via intrínseca mitocondrial e/ou extrínseca ao longo da gestação em células trofoblásticas binucleadas, e que nas células trofoblásticas mononucleadas o Bax deixa de ser importante, enquanto o Bid e as Caspases 3 e 8 se tornam os mais significativos.

Abstract: Placental release after birth involves loss of maternal-fetal adhesion and occurs only after complete maturation of the placentoma related to the decrease in cellularity of fetal and maternal tissues. Apoptosis is required for both the normal maturation and release of the placenta after birth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of apoptosis in samples of the placenta of cows in different stages of gestation. Samples of 15 healthy cow placentomas at 4 (n=5), 6 (n=5) and 9 (n=5) months of gestation were harvested and processed for routine histology, immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. The slides were stained with HE, PicroSirius Red and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of proteins Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Bax and Bid. Increase in number of vessels was not associated with increase in vascular area during progression of gestation. The results of histomorphometry revealed increased labeling for Bax and Caspases 3 and 8 in trophoblastic binucleated cells in late pregnancy, where the Bid remained without significant change. Histomorphometry analyzing the mononuclear trophoblast cells showed a high expression for Bax in early pregnancy, but decreased at 6 months of gestation. Immunolabeling revealed increased Caspases 3/8 and Bid with advancing of gestation. Further evaluation of type I and III collagen showed a decrease of both types of collagens at the end of gestation, what is very important for the reduction of maternal-fetal adhesion. These results confirm that Caspases 3 and 8 and Bax are involved in the mechanisms of activation of apoptosis through mitochondrial intrinsic and/or extrinsic pathway during pregnancy in trophoblastic binucleated cells. In mononuclear trophoblast cells Bax looses importance in the apoptosis process, awhile Bid and caspases 3 and 8 become the most significant.